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What Are the Symptoms of Elevated Cortisol Levels?

Cortisol is a hormone that is released when your body and mind perceive a threat. If you are under constant stress, the levels of cortisol in your body can start to build up. A mild case of elevated cortisol levels may not even cause any noticeable symptoms. For this, a blood test is needed. Cortisol levels can be high for a very long time before any symptoms present themselves. Cushing's syndrome occurs when the body is exposed to highly elevated amounts of cortisol, usually over a long period of time.

  1. Body Type

    • People with Cushing's syndrome tend to develop a certain body type after their prolonged illness. They usually start to become obese, carrying most of the fat in the trunk while their limbs are skinny. An accumulated amount of fat usually appears on the upper back so that it looks humped. The face becomes very round and red. These are the most common symptoms of the disease.

    Skin Issues

    • Skin conditions and sensitivity may develop over time. Acne often occurs on the face, and purple stretch marks may appear on different areas of the body, like the stomach, breasts and thighs. The skin also becomes thinner and more susceptible to bruising.

    Muscles and Bones

    • Muscles become increasingly weak, and the patient may start to have mobility issues. The tone and strength of the muscles suffer, resulting in weak and wasted limbs. Bones can become weakened and more prone to breakage.

    Mental Health

    • Changes in the person's mental state may occur as a result of high cortisol levels. They may experience depression, anxiety and paranoia. Insomnia is a common problem.

    Other Health Issues

    • The immune system seems to suffer with Cushing's syndrome. Patients with high cortisol levels are likely to contract infections more easily and are susceptible to ulcers. There is also an elevated risk of developing edema and hypertension. One-fifth of patients with Cushing's syndrome develop a form of diabetes.

    Men and Women

    • Women can experience an irregularity in their menstrual cycle, sometimes resulting in fertility issues. They may also notice an increase in the growth of facial and body hair. Men will often experience a decrease in sex drive as a result of high cortisol levels.

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