Elevated Cortisol Levels & Disease

Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands as part of the stress response. The Mayo Clinic reports that cortisol increases glucose production and uptake, while inhibiting immune, reproductive and digestive responses. Elevated cortisol can lead to several serious health conditions.

Diseases

• The National Institute of Health reports that elevated cortisol levels can lead to the development of Cushing's disease or Cushing's syndrome. It may also be an indicator of a tumor that causes the release of excess ATCH (Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone).

Causes

• Barring an organic dysfunction, such as a tumor, the most prevalent cause of excess cortisol and related diseases is chronic stress. Chronic stress forces the body to constantly produce cortisol

Symptoms

• Long-term elevation of cortisol can include excess weight around the abdomen and immunosuppression, which increases the likelihood of developing other types of infections. In Cushing's disorders, it may also include fatigue, muscle weakness and hyperglycemia.

Treatments

• Treatment for diseases caused by elevated cortisol levels may include cortisol inhibiting medications, radiation treatments or surgery, depending on the particular condition and its cause.

Prevention

• The most effective way to avoid a cortisol-induced disease is through stress management. Typically, this is accomplished through lifestyle changes that may include exercise, meditation or cutting work hours.