How do you describe human papillomavirus?

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. It is a virus from the Papillomaviridae family that infects the skin and mucous membranes. HPV can cause a wide range of health problems, including genital warts, cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer.

HPV is spread through skin-to-skin contact. This can occur during sexual activity, including intercourse, oral sex, and anal sex. HPV can also be spread through non-sexual contact, such as sharing sex toys or touching someone's warts.

There are over 200 different types of HPV. Some types are more likely to cause cancer than others. The types of HPV that are most commonly associated with cancer are HPV-16 and HPV-18.

HPV can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the type of HPV and the location of the infection. Genital warts are the most common symptom of HPV. They are small, fleshy growths that can appear on the genitals, anus, or mouth. Genital warts are usually not painful, but they can be itchy or uncomfortable.

HPV can also cause cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer. These cancers are more common in people with certain risk factors, such as a weakened immune system, multiple sexual partners, or a history of smoking.

HPV is a preventable infection. There are two HPV vaccines available: Gardasil and Cervarix. These vaccines are safe and effective in preventing most types of HPV. The HPV vaccine is recommended for all preteens and young adults.

If you think you may have HPV, it is important to see your doctor. Your doctor can diagnose HPV and recommend treatment. Treatment for HPV may include removing genital warts, treating cervical cancer, or monitoring for other types of cancer.