What can cause an Abnormal pap without hpv?

Several factors can cause abnormal pap smear results without the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Here are some possible causes:

1. Inflammation and Infection:

- Certain infections, such as bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections, or inflammation in the cervix, can cause changes in the appearance of cells, leading to abnormal pap smear results.

2. Hormonal Changes:

- Fluctuations in hormone levels, particularly during pregnancy or around menopause, can affect the cells in the cervix and cause temporary changes in the pap smear results.

3. Cytological Changes:

- Reactive cellular changes, also known as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), can be detected in pap smears. ASCUS refers to changes in the appearance of cells that are not clearly cancerous or pre-cancerous but require further investigation.

4. Medical Conditions:

- Some medical conditions, such as certain immune system disorders or exposure to certain medications or treatments, can cause abnormal pap smear results without the presence of HPV.

5. Sampling Errors:

- Occasionally, sampling errors during the pap smear procedure can result in atypical results. These could include insufficient cell collection or contamination of the sample.

It's important to remember that an abnormal pap smear result doesn't necessarily indicate cancer or a severe condition. However, it is crucial to follow up with your healthcare provider for further evaluation, including additional tests and examinations, to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment if needed.