What is the difference between hypothermia and frostbite?

Hypothermia and frostbite both involve dangerously low body temperatures, but they affect different parts of the body and have distinct symptoms and treatments.

Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, causing the core body temperature to drop below 35°C (95°F). Hypothermia affects the whole body and can lead to a number of symptoms, including:

- Shivering

- Slurred speech

- Confusion

- Drowsiness

- Loss of coordination

- Shallow breathing

- Loss of consciousness

Frostbite occurs when the skin and underlying tissues freeze. It typically affects exposed body parts such as the fingers, toes, ears, and nose. Symptoms of frostbite include:

- Numbness and tingling

- Skin that is pale, waxy, or bluish-white

- Hard, firm skin that is cold to the touch

- Blisters

- Pain or swelling

Hypothermia is more serious than frostbite, as it can lead to death if not treated promptly. If you think someone is experiencing hypothermia, call 911 immediately. While waiting for help to arrive, you can help to warm the person by:

- Moving them to a warm environment

- Removing wet clothing

- Covering the person with blankets or warm clothes

- Giving them warm fluids to drink

If you think someone is experiencing frostbite, you can help to treat them by:

- Moving them to a warm environment

- Soaking the affected area in warm water (not hot water) for 20-30 minutes

- Covering the affected area with a dry cloth

- Giving them warm fluids to drink

If the frostbite is severe, it may be necessary to seek medical attention.