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What Is the Role of Cortisol in the Body?

Cortisol is an important hormone produced by the adrenal glands located on top of the kidney (one on each side). The pituitary gland located inside the brain stimulates the release of cortisol. A healthy level of cortisol is essential for good health.

  1. Role of Cortisol

    • Cortisol primarily regulates stress. According to the National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service, cortisol also maintains blood pressure and cardiovascular function, regulates the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, maintains blood pressure and slows down immune system's inflammatory response.

    Cortisol and stress

    • Cortisol is one of the primary hormones triggered by stress and it is your body's way of dealing with physical or psychological demands of life. However, prolonged stress can increase risks of heart disease, sleep problems, digestive problems, depression, obesity, memory impairment and worsening of skin conditions, according to the Mayo clinic.

    Cortisol and Blood Pressure

    • To maintain a healthy level of blood pressure, cortisol regulates energy production and mobilization. It helps the body to regulate energy by selecting the right type and amount of substrate (namely carbohydrate, fat or protein) needed to meet the physiological demands of the body.

    Too Much Cortisol

    • According to the Lab Tests Online website too much cortisol in the body can cause the following conditions: high blood pressure, high blood sugar, obesity, muscle weakness, osteoporosis and poor skin conditions.

    Too Little Cortisol

    • If you have inadequate amounts of cortisol, you may experience weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue, low blood pressure and abdominal pain.

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