How do the two major defense strategies of immune system differ?

Innate immune system:

- Immediate response; always ready to respond to invading pathogens.

- Provides generalised protection against a variety of pathogens.

- Cells involved in innate immunity are phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, etc.

- Example: Phagocytosis, inflammation.

Adaptive immune system:

- Takes time to respond to an invading pathogen.

- Provides specific protection against a particular pathogen.

- Remembers and responds more effectively to previously encountered pathogens.

- Cells involved in adaptive immunity are T-lymphocytes (helper T-cells, cytotoxic T-cells and regulatory T-cells), B-lymphocytes and macrophages.

- Example: Production of antibodies, cell-mediated immunity, immunological memory.