Salmonella Typhi Disease

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Salmonella typhi disease, also known as typhoid fever, is uncommon in the United States. It can hit hard in developing countries, with 21.5 million cases diagnosed annually.

Bacteria

• According to the microbes.historique.net, there more than 100 strains of the bacteria Salmonella enterica typhi, each with varying properties that cause typhoid fever.

Transmission

• Salmonella typhi is spread via the fecal-oral route. It is shed in the stools of a carrier, and is contracted by eating food or drinking water contaminated by the bacteria.

Symptoms

• A persistent high fever is usually the first symptom, reports the CDC. Other symptoms include headache, weakness, fatigue, sore throat and abdominal pain. If untreated, you may experience continued high fever, severe constipation or diarrhea, weight loss or even delirium.

Treatment

• Antibiotics are the only method of treatment for typhoid fever, says the CDC. Antibiotic resistance, however, is becoming more common.

Prevention/Solution

• Preventing fecal contamination of drinking water and food---through improved hygiene, water purification and appropriate waste management---is the key to avoiding infection. Typhoid vaccinations can also provide protection, says the CDC.