Shigella Facts

Shigella infection (shigellosis) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium shigella. The disease is mostly found in children of underdeveloped countries where sanitation is poor. The main symptom of the disease is diarrhea that contains blood, which can lead to anemia and dehydration in small children. The infection is self-limiting, clearing with supportive care.

Symptoms

• Symptoms are few, but can be uncomfortable and painful for children. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping are present during shigella infection.

Causes

• Shigella is spread mostly by poor hygiene and contamination with fecal matter. It can also be caused by eating contaminated food or water.

Diagnosis

• Shigella is excreted through fecal matter. Diagnosis is confirmed from stool samples sent to labs for verification.

Treatments

• The virus is self-limiting, which means the immune system clears the infection within several days. Treatment should consist of replacement of lost fluids and electrolytes in the diet.

Prevention

• Prevention of shigella infection is through sanitation. Wash hands with soap and hot water after using the restroom.