How can coughing or sneezing spread infectious diseases?

Coughing or sneezing can spread infectious diseases through the release of respiratory droplets into the air. These droplets can contain microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, that cause illness. When a person coughs or sneezes, these droplets are expelled from the mouth or nose and can travel several feet through the air. They can then be inhaled by other people, who may become infected with the same disease.

The spread of infectious diseases through coughing or sneezing is more likely to occur in close quarters or in crowded places, where there is a greater chance of people coming into contact with the droplets. Poor ventilation can also increase the risk of infection, as droplets can remain suspended in the air for longer periods of time.

To reduce the risk of spreading infectious diseases, it is important to cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. If a tissue is not available, you should cough or sneeze into your upper arm or sleeve. It is also important to wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing, and to avoid touching your face.