How does tuberculosis transfer?

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* that primarily affects the lungs. People with active TB disease can spread the bacteria through the air when they cough or sneeze.

Here's how tuberculosis can be transmitted:

1. Airborne transmission: This is the primary mode of transmission of TB. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings, they release droplets containing *M. tuberculosis* bacteria into the air. These droplets can remain suspended in the air for several hours. If another person inhales these droplets, they may become infected with TB.

2. Close contact: Prolonged and close contact with a person with active TB increases the risk of infection. This includes living with, working with, or spending a lot of time with an infected person. The risk of transmission is highest for those in the same household as an infected individual.

3. Reactivation: In some cases, a person who has been previously infected with *M. tuberculosis* may develop active TB disease later in life. This is known as reactivation TB and usually occurs when the immune system is weakened by another medical condition, such as HIV/AIDS, diabetes, or cancer.

It's important to note that TB is not transmitted through casual contact, such as shaking hands or brief encounters. The risk of infection is highest in situations where there is close and prolonged contact with an infected person.

If you have symptoms suggestive of TB, such as a persistent cough, fever, night sweats, or weight loss, it's crucial to see a healthcare provider for evaluation and appropriate treatment to prevent further transmission and ensure successful recovery.