Can valley fever spores be killed?

Valley fever spores are highly resistant to environmental conditions and can survive for extended periods in soil and dust. However, they can be killed through various methods:

High temperatures: Valley fever spores are susceptible to heat and can be killed by temperatures above 60°C (140°F). This is why the risk of infection is lower during the summer months when temperatures are higher in the endemic regions.

Steam sterilization: Steam sterilization under high pressure can effectively kill Valley fever spores. This method is commonly used in the laboratory setting to sterilize equipment and materials that may have come into contact with the fungus.

Chemical disinfectants: Some chemical disinfectants, such as bleach (sodium hypochlorite), can kill Valley fever spores. However, it's important to follow the recommended concentrations and contact times specified by the manufacturer to ensure effective disinfection.

Irradiation: Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation, such as gamma radiation, can also kill Valley fever spores. This method is sometimes used for sterilizing medical equipment or products that cannot withstand high temperatures.

It's worth noting that the exact methods and conditions for killing Valley fever spores may vary depending on factors such as the specific strain, environmental conditions, and the presence of organic matter. Therefore, it's essential to follow established protocols and guidelines when handling samples or materials potentially contaminated with Valley fever spores to minimize the risk of infection.