What infectious disease is caused by bacilli?

The infectious disease caused by bacilli is called anthrax. Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It can cause severe illness in both humans and animals. The bacteria that cause anthrax are found in soil and can survive for many years. People can get anthrax by coming into contact with infected animals or animal products, or by inhaling or ingesting the bacteria.