How does phenolic disinfectant kill e-coli?

Phenolic disinfectants kill E. coli by damaging the cell membrane and disrupting the cell's metabolism. The phenolic compound interacts with the phospholipids in the cell membrane, causing the membrane to become more permeable and allowing essential molecules to leak out of the cell. This damage to the cell membrane also inhibits the cell's ability to transport nutrients and waste products, which further disrupts the cell's metabolism and leads to cell death. Additionally, phenolic disinfectants can also denature proteins and enzymes within the cell, further inhibiting the cell's ability to function and ultimately leading to cell death.