How are maternal and congenital listeriosis treated?

Treatment of maternal and congenital listeriosis typically involves the use of antibiotics. The primary antibiotic used is ampicillin, which has been shown to be effective in treating Listeria monocytogenes infections during pregnancy. Ampicillin is typically administered intravenously (IV) to the mother, and treatment may last for several weeks.

In cases of severe infection or when ampicillin is not tolerated, other antibiotics may be used, such as gentamicin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. For pregnant women, it's important to start antibiotic treatment as soon as possible after the diagnosis of Listeria infection to reduce the risk of complications and adverse outcomes for both the mother and the fetus.

In cases of congenital listeriosis, where the infection has spread to the fetus or newborn, immediate antibiotic treatment is crucial. Antibiotics are administered to the infant, usually intravenously, to combat the infection. Close monitoring and supportive care are provided to the infant, including respiratory support if necessary. Early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy can significantly improve the chances of a successful outcome for the infant.