What is a disease reservoir?

A disease reservoir is a place or species in which a disease-causing agent, also called a pathogen, can live and reproduce. The disease can then spread from the reservoir to other organisms, such as humans or animals. Examples of disease reservoirs include:

- Animals: Animals such as rodents, bats, and birds can harbor diseases like rabies, hantavirus, and avian influenza, respectively.

- Plants: Plants can serve as reservoirs for viruses and fungi that cause diseases like tobacco mosaic virus and Dutch elm disease.

- Soil and water: Soil and water can contain pathogens like bacteria and parasites that can cause diseases such as tetanus, cholera, and Legionnaires' disease.

- Humans: Humans themselves can act as reservoirs for diseases like the common cold, influenza, and measles.

Understanding and monitoring disease reservoirs is essential for preventing and controlling the spread of infectious diseases.