What is reactivation tuberculosis?

Reactivation tuberculosis (TB) occurs when latent TB becomes active again. People with latent TB have the bacteria that causes TB in their bodies, but they are not sick and they cannot spread the disease to others. However, certain factors can cause the bacteria to become active again, leading to reactivation TB.

Some of the factors that can increase the risk of reactivation TB include:

* Weakened immune system: People with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or diabetes, are more likely to develop reactivation TB.

* Older age: The risk of reactivation TB increases with age, particularly in people over the age of 65.

* Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as silicosis (a lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust) and chronic kidney disease, can increase the risk of reactivation TB.

* Medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of reactivation TB.

* Substance use: People who use drugs or alcohol excessively are more likely to develop reactivation TB.

* Close contact with someone with active TB: People who have close contact with someone with active TB are at increased risk of developing reactivation TB.

The symptoms of reactivation TB are similar to those of active TB, including:

* Coughing for more than 2 weeks

* Chest pain

* Shortness of breath

* Fatigue

* Fever

* Night sweats

* Weight loss

If you have any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor to be tested for TB. Treatment for reactivation TB is similar to treatment for active TB and typically involves taking multiple medications for 6 to 9 months.