Signs & Symptoms of Tuberculosis in Children

Tuberculosis, often referred to as TB, is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis can be fatal if not treated properly. Children are often more susceptible to tuberculosis than adults, because their immune systems are still developing. Tuberculosis is also associated with malnutrition. In the United States, tuberculosis occurs most frequently in children and adults who are homeless, HIV-positive or in prison. Each year, approximately 100,000 children die from tuberculosis globally.

Coughing

• Severe coughing represents the most well-known sign of tuberculosis. Coughs associated with tuberculosis often last three weeks or longer. In addition, many people infected with tuberculosis cough up blood or sputum. Diagnosis is sometimes made by testing sputum. However, since many children under 10 years of age cannot produce enough sputum for laboratory testing, tuberculosis in children is often diagnosed according to presence of cough and weight loss.

Chest Pain

• Chest pain represents another symptom of tuberculosis. Breathing or coughing may also cause pain.

Fatigue

• Weakness or fatigue represents another symptom of tuberculosis.

Weight Loss and Loss of Appetite

• Tuberculosis also often causes unexplained weight loss and a loss of appetite.

Fever and Chills

• Tuberculosis often causes fever and chills. In addition, people infected with tuberculosis may experience night sweats.