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The Effects of L Arginine on Sperm

L Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid, is sometimes prescribed for men with infertility because it may help raise sperm count and increase sperm motility--the ability of sperm to swim vigorously.

  1. Sperm Count

    • Preliminary research indicates that taking L Arginine over a period of months helps boost sperm count, according to the University of Michigan Health System website. But in men with extremely low natural sperm count, L Arginine seems to be little or no help. In a study cited by the "Journal of Nutrition" in 1985, 178 men took a daily dose of four grams of arginine. Results yielded "significant improvement" in sperm count for 62% and "moderate improvement" in sperm count for 28 other participants. However, the article noted, a different clinical trial using 18 men showed no increase in sperm count.

    Sperm Motility

    • An Indian study published in the Jan. 25, 2006 edition of "Biology of Reproduction" concluded that sperm cells synthesize nitric oxide, needed to enhance sperm vitality, from L Arginine. This effect, researchers concluded, is helpful during the in vitro fertilization process. Earlier studies noted in the report showed that sperm motility is enhanced by dosing an infertile man with L Arginine.

    Cellular Metabolism

    • A September 1998 article in the "Biophysical Journal" reports a study that shows sperm's ability to utilize glycol (needed for energy) is enhanced by L Arginine. Glycolysis, in turn, helps the sperm cell to maximize development of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). These complex cellular processes boost the sperm's ability to move its flagella, the tail of the cell which it whips back and forth to propel itself forward.

    Side Effects and Warnings

    • According to the National Institutes of Health, most people tolerate arginine well, but certain side effects can occur. L Arginine can worsen symptoms of sickle cell disease. Potential side effects of arginine include stomach discomfort and increased number of stools, worsening of asthma, low blood pressure, changes in blood chemistry such as high potassium or creatine, and increased blood glucose levels. When injected, arginine can cause low back pain, headache, numbness, restless legs, irritation of veins, flushing, restless legs and tissue death at the site of the injection. Arginine can also increase the risk of bleeding.

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