What causes ileus?

Causes of ileus

Ileus can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

* Mechanical obstruction: This occurs when something physically blocks the movement of food or fluids through the intestines. Causes of mechanical obstruction include:

* Adhesions: Scar tissue from previous abdominal surgery can form bands of tissue that attach to the intestines and block the flow of contents.

* Hernias: Hernias occur when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weakness in the abdominal wall. If a hernia becomes strangulated, it can cut off blood supply to the bowel and cause ileus.

* Intussusception: This occurs when one part of the intestine slides into another part, like a telescope. Intussusception is most common in children.

* Volvulus: This occurs when a segment of the intestine twists on itself, cutting off blood supply and causing ileus.

* Fecal impaction: This occurs when hard, dry stool becomes stuck in the colon and blocks the flow of stool.

* Neurogenic ileus: This occurs when the nerves that control the movement of the intestines are damaged. Causes of neurogenic ileus include:

* Diabetes: Diabetes can damage the nerves that control the intestines, leading to ileus.

* Parkinson's disease: Parkinson's disease is a degenerative brain disorder that can also damage the nerves that control the intestines.

* Multiple sclerosis: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect the nerves in the brain and spinal cord, including the nerves that control the intestines.

* Inflammatory ileus: This occurs when the intestines become inflamed. Causes of inflammatory ileus include:

* Crohn's disease: Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the intestines.

* Ulcerative colitis: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon and rectum.

* Diverticulitis: Diverticulitis is a condition in which small pouches form in the colon and become inflamed.

* Electrolyte imbalances: Electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium or calcium levels, can also cause ileus.

* Medications: Some medications, such as opioids, antacids, and anticholinergics, can cause ileus as a side effect.

* Other medical conditions: Other medical conditions, such as sepsis, dehydration, and cancer, can also cause ileus.