What causes nausea during and after menstruation?

Several factors can contribute to nausea during and after menstruation:

Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone, can affect the digestive system and lead to nausea.

Prostaglandins: Prostaglandins are hormone-like substances that are involved in the shedding of the uterine lining during menstruation. High levels of prostaglandins can cause uterine contractions, leading to cramping and nausea.

Increased sensitivity to pain: Some women may experience heightened pain sensitivity during menstruation, which can also contribute to nausea.

Stress and anxiety: Menstruation can be associated with stress and anxiety, which can further worsen nausea.

Low blood sugar: Menstruation can cause a drop in blood sugar levels, particularly if a woman is experiencing heavy bleeding. Low blood sugar can lead to symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, and fatigue.

Dehydration: Menstruation can cause fluid loss, which can lead to dehydration. Dehydration can contribute to nausea and fatigue.

Underlying conditions: In some cases, nausea during and after menstruation may be a sign of an underlying medical condition, such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). If nausea is severe or persistent, it's important to see a healthcare provider for evaluation.