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Facts About the Kidney

The kidneys are vital organs for human survival. According to the World Health Organization, incidents of kidney failure are on the rise, with over 68,000 kidney transplants taking place annually throughout the world. Simple lifestyle choices can lead to maintaining healthy kidneys, including eating a diet low in salt and drinking adequate amounts of water.

  1. Function

    • The kidneys work to remove toxins and other potentially harmful agents from the blood, and help regulate fluids within the body. Kidneys also are responsible for producing urine as well as the control and regulation of blood pressure. When blood pressure begins to fall, for example, the kidneys will produce a substance called renin which starts the process of regulating blood pressure by controlling salt levels in the blood.

    Number

    • While human beings have two kidneys, they can survive in many cases with only one, as long as it is healthy. As a result, it is possible for people possessing two healthy kidneys to donate one to a close relative who is need of a transplant. This can save the life of the recipient, while the donor can continue to function normally.

    Size and Shape

    • The kidneys are bean-shaped and are located on the backside of the body just above the waist. They measure 4 to 5 inches in length and 2 to 3 inches in width and weigh about 5 oz.. Since a main role is to process blood, it is filled with blood vessels that filter about 50 gallons of blood each day.

    Kidney Disease

    • Kidney disease can be caused by a variety of factors. It can be the result of conditions that originate in other parts of the body, such as a bladder or urinary tract infection. It can also be caused by an obstruction that can occur when too much protein enters the bloodstream. Poor eating habits are another culprit.

    Kidney Stones

    • One common ailment associated with the kidneys is the development of kidney stones. This is an extremely painful condition that may be caused by a urinary tract infection, and it can also be inherited. The stones develop when crystals form from the urine. If the crystals grow large enough, pain can result. They can often be reduced in size through medical treatment and be passed out of the body when urinating.

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