How does a kidney stone stop the body from working properly?

A kidney stone can stop the body from working properly in several ways:

1. Obstruction of urine flow: Kidney stones can lodge in the urinary tract, blocking the flow of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. This can cause a buildup of pressure in the kidneys, leading to pain, swelling, and decreased kidney function. If the obstruction is not relieved, it can eventually lead to kidney damage or failure.

2. Infection: Kidney stones can cause or contribute to urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs can occur when bacteria enter the kidneys and multiply. Kidney stones can provide a surface for bacteria to adhere to, making UTIs more likely to develop. UTIs can cause fever, chills, pain, and discomfort, and can also lead to kidney damage.

3. Damage to kidney tissue: Kidney stones can damage the delicate tissues of the kidneys as they pass through the urinary tract. This damage can lead to scarring, which can impair kidney function. In severe cases, kidney stones can cause permanent kidney damage or failure.

4. High blood pressure: Kidney stones can also contribute to high blood pressure (hypertension). Hypertension can occur when the kidneys are not able to properly regulate the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. Kidney stones can interfere with this process, leading to an increase in blood pressure.

5. Mineral imbalance: Kidney stones can also cause an imbalance of minerals in the body, such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. This can lead to a variety of health problems, including bone loss, muscle weakness, and nerve damage.

In addition to these specific effects, kidney stones can also cause general symptoms such as pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever, which can make it difficult for people to go about their daily activities.