Why is a nonfunctional kidney not removed?
A nonfunctional kidney, also known as an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) kidney, is typically not removed unless it causes specific problems or poses health risks. Here are several reasons why a nonfunctional kidney may not be removed:
1. Reserve Function: Even though the kidney is nonfunctional, it may still provide some reserve function, such as hormone regulation and maintenance of electrolyte balance. Removing the kidney could lead to a greater burden on the remaining kidney and potentially worsen overall kidney function.
2. Anatomic Considerations: The location of the nonfunctional kidney and the surrounding structures can make its removal surgically complex and risky. Removing the kidney may involve extensive surgery and potential complications related to nearby organs, nerves, and blood vessels.
3. Preservation of Nephrons: In some cases, a nonfunctional kidney may still contain healthy nephrons, the functional units of the kidneys. These nephrons may be viable for transplantation or future regeneration through medical interventions. Preserving the nonfunctional kidney provides an option for potential future therapies.
4. Absence of Symptoms or Complications: If a nonfunctional kidney is not causing any symptoms or complications, such as pain, infection, or obstruction, it may not be necessary to remove it. As long as the remaining kidney is functioning adequately, there may be no immediate need for surgical intervention.
5. Patient Preferences: Some patients may prefer to avoid surgery or may have religious or cultural beliefs that discourage the removal of organs. In such cases, the decision to remove a nonfunctional kidney may ultimately depend on the patient's wishes and values.
It's important to note that the decision regarding the management of a nonfunctional kidney is complex and individualized. Various factors, including the patient's overall health, the condition of the remaining kidney, and the potential risks and benefits of surgery, are carefully considered before determining the appropriate course of action.