What is the process by which toxins and other wastes are actively removed kidney called?

The process by which toxins and other wastes are actively removed kidney is called "active tubular secretion".

While toxins and wastes can enter the filtrate by passive diffusion, they can also be actively secreted from the blood plasma into the filtrate by certain cells in the kidney tubules, particularly in the proximal convoluted tubule. This active secretion process requires energy and involves specific transport proteins located on the luminal side of the tubular cells. These proteins bind to the toxins or waste molecules and transport them into the filtrate against a concentration gradient.

Active tubular secretion plays an important role in eliminating various substances that cannot be effectively filtered through passive processes. It helps in the clearance of drugs, metabolites, toxins, heavy metals, and certain ions like potassium, hydrogen, and ammonium ions from the body. By actively secreting these substances into the filtrate, the kidneys can maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance and regulate the pH of body fluids.