Ultrasound Hydronephrosis Patient Information

Hydronephrosis, a painful kidney condition that can lead to serious complications, has many causes. Ultrasound can be used to identify hydronephrosis and locate the root of the problem.

Definition

• Hydronephrosis is a condition where a ureter—the tube that carries urine from a kidney to the bladder—is blocked, resulting in urine backing up into a kidney.

Causes

• There are several causes of hydronephrosis, including kidney stones, infection, structural abnormalities and pregnancy.

Diagnosis

• Ultrasound can be used to detect hydronephrosis. Fluid can be seen on a sonogram in the pelvis of the kidney. In addition, the fluid can be seen in the ureter, and it can be followed to determine the site of the blockage. Renal stones, a common source of hydronephrosis, can be seen on ultrasound. Also, a sonogram can detect structural abnormalities in the kidneys, such as a duplicating collecting system.

Treatment

• Treatment depends on the source of the problem. If there is a kidney stone, the hydronephrosis should resolve after the stone passes. Antibiotics can treat a urinary tract infection, which can alleviate the hydronephrosis. In severe cases, a stent is needed to allow the ureter to drain any residual urine.

Prognosis

• Hydronephrosis usually is an acute condition that is short-lived. But if it is not detected and treated, it can lead to permanent kidney damage.