What to Know About Lupus

What is lupus?

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect many different parts of the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood vessels. It occurs when the body's immune system, which normally protects us from infection, mistakenly attacks its own tissues.

What are the symptoms of lupus?

The symptoms of lupus can vary widely from person to person, and they can come and go or change over time. Some common symptoms include:

- Fatigue

- Joint pain and swelling

- Skin rashes

- Kidney problems

- Lung problems

- Heart problems

- Neurological problems

- Blood problems

What causes lupus?

The exact cause of lupus is unknown, but genetics, environmental factors, and hormonal factors are thought to play a role.

Who is at risk for lupus?

Lupus is more common in women than in men, and it typically develops between the ages of 15 and 44. African American women are at highest risk for lupus, but the disease can affect people of all races and ethnicities.

How is lupus diagnosed?

Lupus can be difficult to diagnose, as it can mimic other diseases. Your doctor will likely order a variety of tests, including blood tests, urine tests, and imaging tests, to help make a diagnosis.

How is lupus treated?

There is no cure for lupus, but there are treatments that can help to control the symptoms and prevent serious complications. Treatment options may include medications, such as corticosteroids, antimalarial drugs, and immunosuppressive drugs. Lifestyle changes, such as getting regular exercise, eating a healthy diet, and avoiding sun exposure, can also help to manage lupus.

What is the prognosis for lupus?

The prognosis for lupus can vary depending on the severity of the disease and the individual's response to treatment. With proper treatment, most people with lupus can live full and active lives.

What are the complications of lupus?

Lupus can lead to a number of serious complications, including:

- Kidney damage

- Lung damage

- Heart disease

- Stroke

- Bone loss

- Anemia

- Pregnancy complications

- Increased risk of infection

How can I prevent lupus?

There is no known way to prevent lupus, but there are things you can do to reduce your risk of developing the disease, such as:

- Avoiding sun exposure

- Eating a healthy diet

- Getting regular exercise

- Maintaining a healthy weight

- Not smoking

- Managing stress