What is leukosis?

Leukosis or Leukaemia is a type of cancer that originates in the blood-forming tissues of the body, such as the bone marrow or the lymph nodes. It is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation and accumulation of abnormal white blood cells, known as leukemic cells. These cells can interfere with the normal function of the blood and bone marrow, leading to various symptoms and complications.

There are different types of leukosis, classified based on the type of white blood cell affected and the speed of disease progression. Some common types include:

1. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): This type affects the lymphoid cells, which are a type of white blood cell that helps fight infection. ALL is more common in children, but it can also occur in adults.

2. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML): This type affects the myeloid cells, which include red blood cells, platelets, and some types of white blood cells. AML is more common in adults, but it can also occur in children.

3. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): This type affects the lymphoid cells and is characterized by a slow progression. CLL is more common in older adults.

4. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): This type affects the myeloid cells and is also characterized by a slow progression. CML is more common in adults.

Leukemia can cause various symptoms, including:

- Fatigue

- Weakness

- Weight loss

- Fever

- Bleeding or bruising

- Swollen lymph nodes

- Bone pain

- Shortness of breath

- Night sweats

The exact cause of leukemia is not fully understood, but certain risk factors have been identified, such as exposure to radiation, certain chemicals, or certain genetic conditions. Treatment options for leukemia may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, stem cell transplant, and supportive care measures. The type of treatment depends on the specific type of leukemia and its stage.