Reasons for Balance Problems

Balance problems result from a disturbance in vision, the vestibular system or spatial perception. Balance problems often lead to nausea, discomfort and vertigo, but can be treated effectively in many cases.

Causes

• Many aging adults who have never experienced vertigo develop benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BBPV) around age 60, usually due to a vestibular imbalance developed over time.

  Viral and bacterial infections can also cause temporary and permanent balance problems depending on the severity, location and duration of the infection.

  Any injury that interferes with comprehension of spatial relationships, sight or the vestibular system may result in balance problems.

  Balance problems may also be caused by Meniere's disease, which is characterized by an imbalance of inner ear fluids, vertigo, and hearing disturbances.

Effects

• Vertigo, dizziness, motion sickness and nausea are all symptoms of a balance problem. This can limit mobility, contribute to falls and make it unsafe for the sufferer to drive or operate machinery.

Solutions

• Balance problems should be evaluated by a physician. Meclizine is an over-the-counter drug and is often effective in preventing the vertigo, nausea and motion sickness associated with balance problems. Diets low in sodium and caffeine combined with proper hydration can lessen dizziness. Patients may also gain relief from physical therapy.