Lymphadema Wrapping

Lymphedema is an excess accumulation of lymphatic fluid that results in swelling, typically in the arms and legs. Patients with lymphedema may have underlying conditions, such as cancer, or they may experience primary lymphedema. Lymphedema wrapping is one technique used to control swelling. Bandages are wrapped around the limb to keep constant pressure on the affected area.

Types of Bandages

• Several layers of bandages are required in lymphadema wrapping. The first layer is a stocking made from thin material to protect the skin and absorb moisture. The second layer consists of gauze wrapped around fingers or toes to protect them during wrapping. Padding and foam are applied next to provide constant, even pressure and aid in shaping the limb. The final layer consists of stretch bandages that compress the limb and force lymphatic fluid away from the area so that it can be reabsorbed and processed.

Learning How to Wrap

• A lymphedema specialist, physician or physical therapist can teach a patient how to self wrap to manage lymphedema. Several sessions may be necessary before the patient is comfortable performing a wrapping without assistance.

Frequency of Wrapping

• The frequency and amount of wrapping depends on the severity of the swelling. Patients with extreme swelling may need to wear wrapping for 23 hours per day; patients with only mild swelling may only need to wrap limbs during periods of movement or exercise.

Considerations

• Wrapping a bandage too tightly can cause damage to the skin, resulting in infections or dead tissue. Wraps that cause numbness or coldness in extremities are too tight, according to Cancer Supportive Care Programs. Sharp clips should not be used to hold a bandage in place as they may slip and damage the skin.

Alternatives

• As an alternative to wrapping, some patients may be able to wear compression garments that produce a similar effect. Other treatment options include massage, exercise, and pneumatic compression.