Cyanosis in Lung Diseases

Cyanosis is a discoloration of the skin and membranes that causes the skin surface, lips, fingers or other areas to turn blue. According to the Merck Manual, cyanosis can occur with lung disorders, including lung disease.

Cause

• Cyanosis is caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. In the circulation process, blood that needs oxygen enters the right part of the heart, which then pumps the blood into the lungs, where the blood is oxygenated. Some patients with lung disease have a difficult time breathing, which can prevent oxygenation. In order to circumvent the problem, some are required to be on oxygen in their homes.

Symptoms

• The symptoms of lung disease include constant coughing, producing a lot of phlegm, shortness of breath, feeling like you are not able to breathe and wheezing.

Diagnosis

• A physical exam is often a good method of confirming cyanosis. The physician will check your lung function through a spirometer to measure the amount of air your lungs are able to blow out. Oxygen in the blood is often measured by a sensor that determines if oxygen is depleted.

  The diagnosis of cyanosis due to lung disease is often made via chest x-rays, echocardiograms, pulmonary function tests and other methods to determine the severity of damage to the lungs. Some physicians will want to perform these tests to rule out other causes.

Complications

• Abnormalities of the lungs may cause the blood to flow through them without being capable of collecting oxygen. Hypoxemia, which is the lack of oxygen in the blood, can result in shortness of breath and the inability to function or think, fatigue, and confusion. Cells need oxygen in order for the body to function, but oxygen deprivation can harm vital tissues and become life-threatening.

Exclusion

• Cyanosis does not always occur with lung disease. Cyanosis can also be associated with a cardiovascular problem. It is important to have a thorough medical exam to determine the cause.