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Risks of a High Triglyceride Level

As a part of physical examinations, doctors often order blood tests that measure various levels of chemicals. This "blood chemistry" often includes a lipid panel that measures cholesterol levels (both high-density lipoprotein [HDL] and low-density lipoprotein [LDL] levels). A third lipid measurement is the triglyceride level.

  1. Definition

    • Triglycerides are a form of fat. They come largely from food, but they are also produced by the body from carbohydrates. Triglycerides are used by the body to produce energy.

    Levels

    • Guidelines have been set for adult triglyceride levels. A normal level is less than 150 mg/dl; borderline high is 150 to 199 mg/dl; high is 200 to 499 mg/dl and very high is over 500 mg/dl.

    Significance

    • Individuals with triglyceride levels over 200 mg/dl are at risk for ischemic strokes, or strokes caused by a blocked artery in the brain. This risk exists even if cholesterol levels are normal. Ischemic strokes account for about 80 percent of all strokes. Another condition, pancreatitis, may develop in persons with very high triglyceride levels (over 500 mg/dl).

    Associated Conditions

    • People with high triglyceride levels often have diabetes or are at a higher risk for developing diabetes, obesity and heart disease. Affected individuals usually consume a high percentage of their calories from sugary foods and alcohol, although heredity may also play a role. Low HDL (good cholesterol) also compounds the risk.

    Reducing Levels

    • Exercise and a healthy diet can help to reduce high triglyceride levels. Exercise "burns" excess triglycerides, and a diet low in fat and carbohydrates is beneficial. Triglyceride-lowering drugs also may be used.

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