Oppositional Defiance Disorder

Most children have moments of defiance when they test their independence, talk back, don't do what they are told and just act up. Children with oppositional defiance disorder have extreme episodes of defiance when they will question authority, become argumentative and break rules with no regard to the consequences that may result.

Description

• Oppositional defiance disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder in which a child exhibits a continuous pattern of uncooperative behavior and frequently challenges authority. Children and teens with ODD will intentionally annoy others or start confrontations.

Symptoms

• Some children and teens with ODD exhibit frequent anger outbursts and temper tantrums, become argumentative with adults, blame others for their misbehavior, and intentionally criticize or annoy others to bring on confrontation.

Causes

• The cause of oppositional defiance disorder is not known but biological and environmental factors are believed to be linked to this disorder. Families facing ODD often have a discipline system that is too harsh or too lax.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis of ODD is generally made after symptoms are experienced continuously for 6 months and other medical causes have been ruled out. No specific test is available to diagnose this disorder.

Treatment

• Treatment for ODD often involves the parents and the child. Parents are taught proper discipline methods in dealing with children with ODD. Sometimes psychotherapy and medications are used in addition to this training.