What is the Difference Between Hyperlipidemia & Hypercholesterolemia?

Hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia are two conditions characterized by high levels of fats and cholesterol in the body. Hyperlipidemia is caused by an elevated level of any kind of lipid (fat) in the blood stream, while hypercholesterolemia is only caused by high cholesterol in the blood stream. Both conditions may cause cardiovascular disease and other health problems if left untreated.

Diagnosis

• Hyperlipdemia and hypercholesterolemia are both diagnosed by blood test. This blood test is typically completed in the morning and requires at least 12 hours of fasting prior to the test.

Types

• Hyperlipidemia includes three main types: hyperlipoprotenemia (elevated lipoproteins), hypercholesterolemia (elevated cholesterol) and hypertrigylceridemia (high triglycerides). Hypercholesterolemia is a specific type of hyperlipidemia.

Causes

• Eating a diet high in fat and cholesterol, lack of exercise, being overweight and aging are factors that may cause hyperlipidemia or hypercholesterolemia. It may also be caused by diabetes, liver disease, kidney disease or thyroid disease.

Symptoms

• Symptoms of hyperlipidemia or hypercholesterolemia include chest pain, muscle pain, hypertension and other symptoms of cardiovascular disease.

Treatment

• Dietary changes, including switching to a diet high in fiber, low in fat and low in cholesterol are potential treatment options. Medications such as pravastatin, simvastatin, probucol and cholestyramine may be used to treat hyperlipidemia or hypercholesterolemia.