Gastro-Intestinal Reflux Disease

Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) is another name for acid reflex disease. It is a chronic condition where the liquid contents of the stomach are "refluxed" up into the esophagus.

Causes

• GERD is usually caused by some form of abnormality in the lower esophageal sphincter muscle, which opens and closes the opening that leads from the esophagus into the stomach. These abnormalities include weakness and laxity of the muscle.

Symptoms

• Symptoms of GERD include a backwash of liquid stomach contents into the esophagus. The accompanying feeling is a strong burning sensation commonly called heartburn. Nausea may also be present. If left untreated, it can severely damage the lower esophagus.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is easily performed just by the presence of a persistent heartburn. Oftentimes a physician will administer strong antacids, and if the symptoms are alleviated, the diagnosis is quickly confirmed.

Treatment

• Treatment of GERD includes making proper lifestyle changes and modifying the diet in order to not aggravate the condition. Antacids may be administered to neutralize refluxed acid, and various forms of long-term medication may be used to keep the condition under manageable control.

Prognosis

• If treatment is followed effectively and lifestyle and diet are modified, many patients find relief. Sometimes, patients are required to take prescribed medication continuously to keep the reflux from occurring regularly.