Information on Lymphedema

Lymphedema occurs when the lymph fluid in your arm or leg is prevented from draining properly due to a blockage in your lymphatic system. This causes the affected limb to swell, and it will continue to do so as the fluid continues to accumulate.

Types

• The two types of lymphedema are inherited or primary lymphedema and acquired lymphedema. Inherited lymphedema occurs when you are born without lymph vessels and nodes, and acquired lymphedema develops after you experience an injury or other damage to your lymphatic system.

Cause

• The main causes of inherited lymphedema are genetic diseases, such as Milroy disease and Meige disease. Acquired lymphedema can occur after surgery, infection or cancer.

Symptoms

• Lymphedema symptoms may not appear right away, and can sometimes occur 15 or more years after the original injury or damage. When they do appear, the affected limb will often swell, feel heavy or tight or begin aching.

Diagnosis

• After the usual physical exam and recording of your medical history, your doctor may order tests including MRI, CT scans and ultrasound.

Treatments

• The first stage of treatment is to first reduce the swelling of the affected limb, usually by wrapping the limb in bandages. The second stage is to control the lymphedema by self-massage and exercise in order to keep lymph fluid from building in the limbs.