Signs of a Sphenoidal Sinus Infection

Sinus infections--also known as sinusitis--are inflammations of the sinus passages located within the skull. The four sinus areas are the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid. The sphenoid sinus is located directly behind both eyes. An infection within this sinus passage causes a number of characteristic signs and symptoms in the infected individual.

Aspects

• The sphenoid sinus, like the other three sinus passages, are hollow portions within the skull. When the tissue lining the sinus cavity becomes inflamed by bacteria, viruses, or irritants such as some pollutants or certain fungi, it swells in size, obstructing the sinuses drainage passages. Bacteria flourishes in the enclosed space, causing further inflammation and the symptoms caused by a sinus infection.

Types

• The two types of sphenoidal sinus infections are acute and chronic. Acute sinusitis is usually caused by a viral infection that invades the sinus passages and begins over a short time with severe symptoms. Chronic sinusitis occurs over a longer time, with persistent but milder symptoms, and is caused by a particular group of bacteria.

Acute symptoms

• The most common sign of an acute sphenoidal sinus infection is a sharp headache located behind the eyes--sometimes only behind one eye--and extending across the top of the head. The headache worsens when the individual lies down or bends the head below the chest. The person may also have a fever, blurry or double vision, and mucus drainage.

Chronic symptoms

• A chronic sphenoidal sinus infection may include nasal discharge, but the most common symptom of this type of sinusitis is a persistent, moderate headache located across the front of the head.

Treatment

• Effective sphenoidal sinus infection treatments focus on draining the congested sinus passages and combating the microbial infection. Decongestants are used to promote drainage, while certain antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, are used to decrease the inflammation. Individuals with chronic sinusitis may need to use nasal steroid sprays, such as Flonase or Beconase, to prevent recurring infections.