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Test for Dizziness

Most people have experienced dizziness at one time or another. The causes of dizziness, frequently called vertigo, can vary widely from inner ear disturbances to blood pressure irregularities, neurological disorders, infections and electrolyte imbalances. In most cases, the causes are minor and can be quickly addressed. When dizziness persists, however, comprehensive testing may be in order.

  1. Physical Examination

    • Your doctor will begin with a physical examination. This includes watching for a dramatic drop in blood pressure as you sit and stand, while also monitoring changes in heart rhythm. A positional vertigo test may also be performed. This test requires you to sit with your head turned sideways as you lay back, with doctor support, and lower your head below the height of the table.

    Blood Tests

    • Blood tests may reveal electrolyte imbalances as a central cause, frequently the result of prolonged dehydration. A complete blood count will help to identify systemic diseases such as hypothyroidism or kidney disease. If you are taking prescription medications, a blood test may also reveal drug specific side effects or drug interactions as a primary cause of your dizziness.

    Electronystagmography

    • This test is usually performed by an otolaryngologist, a doctor who specializes in abnormalities of the inner ear. In an electronystagmography (ENG) test, electrodes are attached around the eyes to evaluate eye movement as you alter the position of your body. In some cases, the doctor may also fill your ear with warm water.

    Computed Tomography

    • Commonly called CAT or CT scan, computed tomography is an advanced form of x-ray that creates image cross sections of internal organs from various angles. These images are then imported into a computer to produce a three dimensional view of the body. CT scans can be most useful in diagnosing structural abnormalities in the brain, such as tumors, as the origin of repeated episodes.

    Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    • Often referred to as an MRI, this test utilizes electromagnetic waves to create two and three dimensional images of internal structures. In contrast to CT scans, an MRI uses no radiation and creates more detailed images of soft tissue. MRI's are useful in diagnosing strokes and hemorrhages in the brain. A specialized MRI, called magnetic resonance angiography, may also be indicated. This test targets blood vessels for abnormalities such as aneurysms or atherosclerosis, conditions frequently associated with dizziness.

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