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Mycoplasma Infections

Mycoplasma infections are caused by a contagious bacteria called Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which affects the respiratory system. Mycoplasma infections can result in mycoplasma pneumonia or what is called walking pneumonia and are most common in late summer and fall.

  1. Causes

    • The infection is spread person to person through the inhalation of contaminated droplets. Normally, contact within close living quarters, such as in dormitories, military housing, schools and shelters, produces the highest risk. People with autoimmune disorders, heart disease and other lung disease also are at high risk.

    Symptoms

    • Symptoms of mycoplasma infections include fever, sore throat, headache, fatigue, cough and bronchitis. Pneumonia and middle ear infections can result from the infection. Symptoms appear 15 to 20 days after exposure and develop slowly with a low grade fever, cough and fatigue. Ear pain and congestion may occur and treatment should begin seven to ten days from the start of symptoms. Symptoms include muscle pain and stiffness, rapid breathing, a lump in the neck, eye pain and skin rash.

    Diagnosis

    • Blood tests are normally positive for the bacteria five days after symptoms appear. A complete blood count and a blood test for antibodies should be taken. A sputum test may also be administered. A chest x-ray can confirm the diagnosis.

    Treatment

    • Mycoplasma infections are normally treated with antibiotics, such as erythromycin and tetracycline, over a certain period. Length of treatment depends on the severity of the infection. Your doctor will instruct you to get plenty of rest, eat foods high in protein and to drink plenty of fluids. People with less severe infections may be able to treat the disease with self-care measures, but cough and fatigue can last up to a month or more.

    Prevention/Solution

    • Prevention of mycoplasma infection depends on how much you come into contact with an infected person and your hygiene habits. Wash your hands frequently and store a hand sanitizer in your purse or pocket for times when washing facilities are not available. People who are at high risk of acquiring the infection may be given antibiotic treatment as a preventive measure.

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