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Elbow Dysplasia Symptoms

Elbow dysplasia is the most common cause of lameness and elbow pain in large breed dogs. Symptoms usually begin to manifest when a dog is about four months old.

  1. The Facts

    • Elbow dysplasia is a condition in dogs in which the elbow joint becomes malformed or deformed. It can be caused by any one or a combination of four developmental abnormalities. Elbow dysplasia has a genetic component and is often passed from one generation to the next. It is usually found in large breeds such as rottweilers, golden retrievers and Newfoundlands. Symptoms include lameness and pain at the elbow joint when it is moved, as well as problems moving the leg.

    Pain

    • One of first symptoms of elbow dysplasia that many pet owners notice is pain. Dogs with this condition will limp and resist having their elbow joint touched. The pain usually comes and goes during the early stages of the condition. It is usually most prominent after periods of exercise or intense activity. This symptom of elbow dysplasia can be managed with pain relievers and icing the affected joint.

    Swelling

    • A dog with elbow dysplasia will also exhibit the symptom of joint effusion at the elbow. This involves marked swelling as fluid fills the joint. It is similar to the way joints effected by arthritis will also swell and become tender. This symptom, like that of joint pain, often becomes more noticeable after exercise. It too is treated with icing and pain relievers to alleviate the dog's discomfort.

    Range of Motion

    • When a dog is in motion, another symptom of elbow dysplasia can be seen. The condition limits a dog's range of motion with the front leg. This leads to limping when the dog walks as well as awkwardness while lying down or rising. The limits on the range of motion can become worse with time. Physical therapy involving non-weight bearing exercise like swimming, which can help improve range of motion in the elbow.

    Limb Position

    • As a dog's elbow joint deforms because of elbow dysplasia, the position in which the dog holds the affected limb will change. Usually the limb tends to be held in a pose away from the dog's body. It can also be shifted to a pose of supination, or curled under the body. The dog in this case may appear a little bowlegged. Changes in limb position can alter a dog's gait and make walking awkward.

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