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The Definition of PTB

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) refers to a contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PTB primarily infects the lungs, but sometimes also infects other organs. PTB may cause permanent lung damage if it is left untreated.

  1. Symptoms

    • Symptoms of PTB include cough, fever, unintentional weight loss, coughing up blood, fatigue and night sweats. Some people also experience chest pain, wheezing and breathing problems.

    Diagnosis

    • PTB is usually diagnosed with chest X-rays, sputum cultures, chest CT scans, bronchoscopies or tuberculin skin tests.

    Treatment

    • Doctors prescribe combinations of drugs to kill the bacteria that causes PTB. Commonly prescribed drugs include isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampin and pyrazinamide. Patients may have to take medication for a year or longer.

    Risk Factors

    • Risk factors for PTB include poor nutrition, immune suppression, living in unsanitary conditions and frequently spending time with people who have PTB. In addition, infants and the elderly are more likely to contract PTB.

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