What Is Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency?

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an inherited red blood cell disorder. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). This enzyme helps protect red blood cells from damage. In people with G6PD deficiency, red blood cells can be destroyed when they are exposed to certain triggers, such as certain medications, foods, or infections. This destruction of red blood cells can lead to a condition called hemolytic anemia.

Hemolytic anemia is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced. This can lead to a number of symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, pale skin, yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, and an enlarged spleen. In severe cases, hemolytic anemia can be life-threatening.

G6PD deficiency is the most common red blood cell disorder in the world. It is estimated that over 400 million people worldwide have G6PD deficiency. The disorder is most common in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. It is also found in some parts of the United States, Europe, and South America.

G6PD deficiency is an inherited disorder. It is passed down from parents to children through the genes. In most cases, G6PD deficiency is inherited from both parents. However, in some cases, it can be inherited from only one parent.

There is no cure for G6PD deficiency. However, the disorder can be managed by avoiding triggers that can cause hemolytic anemia. These triggers include certain medications, foods, and infections. People with G6PD deficiency should also avoid strenuous exercise and exposure to extreme temperatures.

If you have G6PD deficiency, it is important to see your doctor regularly to monitor your condition and to avoid triggers that can cause hemolytic anemia.