Why are lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance is a condition in which the body is unable to fully digest the sugar (lactose) in milk and milk products. This can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and diarrhea.

Lactose intolerance is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which is produced in the small intestine. Lactase breaks down lactose into two simpler sugars, glucose and galactose, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream. Without lactase, lactose passes through the digestive system undigested, causing symptoms of intolerance.

Who is affected by lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance is a common condition, affecting up to 75% of the world's population. It is most common in people of African, Asian, and Hispanic descent. Lactose intolerance can also develop in people who have had gastrointestinal surgery or who take certain medications, such as antibiotics.

What are the symptoms of lactose intolerance?

Symptoms of lactose intolerance can include:

* Abdominal pain

* Bloating

* Gas

* Diarrhea

* Nausea

* Vomiting

How is lactose intolerance diagnosed?

Lactose intolerance can be diagnosed with a simple breath test or a stool test. The breath test measures the amount of hydrogen in the breath after you drink a lactose-containing solution. If you are lactose intolerant, your breath will contain more hydrogen than normal. The stool test measures the amount of lactose in your stool. If you are lactose intolerant, your stool will contain more lactose than normal.

How is lactose intolerance treated?

There is no cure for lactose intolerance, but it can be managed by avoiding foods that contain lactose. Many lactose-free milk and milk products are available, and you can also take lactase supplements to help you digest lactose.

What foods contain lactose?

Lactose is found in milk, milk products, and some processed foods. Foods that contain lactose include:

* Milk

* Yogurt

* Cheese

* Ice cream

* Cottage cheese

* Sour cream

* Buttermilk

* Whey protein

* Some processed foods, such as baked goods, salad dressings, and soups

If you are lactose intolerant, you can still enjoy dairy products by choosing lactose-free options or by taking lactase supplements.