What is lactose maldigestion?

Lactose maldigestion is the body's inability to produce enough of the enzyme lactase, which is required to digest the milk sugar lactose. Lactase is produced by cells in the small intestine and is responsible for breaking down lactose into its component sugars, glucose and galactose. Without lactase, lactose remains in the gastrointestinal tract, where it can cause a range of symptoms including:

- Diarrhoea

- Abdominal pain

- Bloating

- Flatulence

- Nausea

- Vomiting

Lactose maldigestion is a common condition, affecting up to 75% of the world's population. It is most common in people of African, Asian, and Latin American descent. The incidence of lactose maldigestion also increases with age, as lactase production naturally decreases with age.

Lactose maldigestion can be diagnosed with a simple breath test, blood test, or stool sample. Treatment for lactose maldigestion typically involves avoiding or limiting the consumption of lactose-containing foods. In some cases, lactase enzyme supplements can be taken with meals to help digest lactose.