Why doesnt the lactase in lactose intolerant people work?

The lactase in lactose intolerant people does not work because of a deficiency or reduced activity of the enzyme. Lactase is an enzyme that is produced in the small intestine and is responsible for breaking down lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products, into glucose and galactose, which can then be absorbed by the body. In lactose intolerance, the production of lactase is either insufficient or its activity is reduced, leading to an inability to digest lactose effectively.

When someone with lactose intolerance consumes dairy products containing lactose, the undigested lactose remains in the digestive system and can cause various symptoms, including bloating, abdominal pain, gas, and diarrhoea. This occurs because the bacteria in the colon ferment the undigested lactose, producing gases and other compounds that lead to these symptoms.

The deficiency or reduction of lactase activity can be caused by several factors, including genetics, ageing, and certain medical conditions. Some individuals may have a genetic mutation that results in decreased lactase production, while others may experience a decline in lactase activity as they age. Additionally, certain medical conditions, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, certain medications, and surgical procedures involving the small intestine, can also lead to lactase deficiency.