What hydronephrosis?

Hydronephrosis is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal build-up of urine in the kidney. This can occur due to a blockage or obstruction in the urinary tract, such as:

- Kidney stones

- Urinary tract infections

- Enlarged prostate

- Certain cancers

Risk factors for hydronephrosis include:

- Diabetes

- Hypertension

- Family history of kidney disease

- Obesity

- Certain medications

Symptoms of hydronephrosis can include:

- Flank pain

- Swelling in the abdomen or back

- Nausea and vomiting

- Fever and chills

- Difficulty urinating

- Increased frequency of urination

- Painful urination

If hydronephrosis is left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, such as:

- Kidney failure

- Infection

- Kidney stones

- Hypertension

- Hydronephrosis can be diagnosed with imaging tests, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI.

Treatment for hydronephrosis depends on the underlying cause and may include:

- Medication to relieve pain and swelling

- Surgery to remove the blockage

- Antibiotics to treat infection

In most cases, hydronephrosis can be treated successfully if it is diagnosed and treated early.