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Migraines Due to Periods

Menstrual period-related migraines can be painful and disrupt your life. Out of the 30 million people in the U.S. who experience migraines, 3 out of 4 are women. Changes in the level of estrogen near a woman's period are thought to be the cause of these migraines. Learning what triggers these migraines may help in preventing them. Becoming familiar with the treatments will help you decide which course is best for you.

  1. Types

    • About 14% of period-related migraines are known as "pure menstrual" migraines. These occur solely around a woman's cycle, usually 2-3 days before or 3 days after her cycle has started. Menstrual-related migraines affect nearly 50% of women suffering from period related migraines. These last longer and the pain is more severe than a pure menstrual migraine. A menstrual-related migraine may last up to 72 hours.

    Symptoms

    • Like a classic migraine, period-related migraine symptoms may include an aura, flashing lights, before the pain starts. Nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and noise, and throbbing pain are common symptoms. You may suffer from just some of these symptoms or all of them.

    Causes

    • Although the exact cause for period-related migraines is unknown, they are thought to be caused by a change in the estrogen level of a woman's body at or near her period. The pain of a migraine is thought to be caused by the constriction of blood vessels in the brain.

    Treatment

    • Treatments for period-related migraines include over-the-counter remedies, home remedies and prescriptions drugs. Ibuprofen is a commonly used over-the-counter remedy. Medications containing naproxen sodium, such as Aleve, are also effective over-the-counter remedies. Home remedies include avoiding triggers such as caffeine, wine, artificial sweeteners, and foods high in nitrates. Relaxation therapy and meditation are also popular home remedies. Migraine-specific drugs known as triptans can be prescribed by a medical professional. These work on the mechanism in the brain that causes the blood vessels to constrict.

    Prevention

    • Birth control pills may help control the flux of estrogen in a woman's body. Taking painkillers a few days before your period is due may also help. While no method is surefire, keeping a headache diary may help you to identify some triggers and help you avoid this painful condition.

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