About MS Disease

Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is a neurological disease that occurs when the immune system attacks the central nervous system. Myelin---which insulates the nerves---is destroyed, breaking down communication between the brain and muscles.

Cause

• While the exact cause is unknown, genetic factors such as abnormalities of the immune system and environmental factors, including toxins and infections, may play a role in triggering MS.

Symptoms

• MS symptoms include numbness or weakness in one or more limbs, double vision or tingling.

Complications

• In some cases, other complications develop in people with MS, including muscle spasms, paralysis and epilepsy.

Diagnosis

• Because MS symptoms can mimic other ailments, diagnosis occurs after ruling out other possible conditions. Blood tests, a spinal tap and an MRI are usually performed to get an accurate overall view of your physical condition.

Treatment

• There is no cure for MS. Treatment focuses on controlling the disease's progression by handling symptoms and disease "flares," in which you encounter new symptoms or a worsening of old ones. Medications are usually prescribed and taken regularly for life.

Prognosis

• MS is not fatal, and most patients have a normal or near-normal life span. People with MS have a higher suicide rate than those without, however, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center.