How does muscular dystrophy affect the body?

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic condition that causes progressive weakness and degeneration of the muscles. The symptoms of muscular dystrophy vary depending on the specific type of the condition, but some of the most common effects include:

Muscle weakness: This is the most common symptom of muscular dystrophy. It typically starts in the legs and arms and gradually spreads to other parts of the body. Muscle weakness can make it difficult to walk, climb stairs, lift objects, and perform other everyday activities.

Muscle atrophy: As muscles weaken, they also start to shrink in size (atrophy). This can lead to a loss of muscle mass and strength.

Difficulty walking: Muscle weakness and atrophy can make it difficult to walk. People with muscular dystrophy may need to use a cane, crutches, or a wheelchair to get around.

Joint problems: Muscle weakness can also lead to joint problems, such as contractures (tightening of the muscles and tendons). Contractures can limit the range of motion of the joints and make it difficult to move.

Respiratory problems: Some types of muscular dystrophy can affect the muscles that control breathing. This can lead to respiratory problems, such as shortness of breath, coughing, and difficulty swallowing.

Heart problems: Some types of muscular dystrophy can also affect the heart muscle. This can lead to heart problems, such as arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) and heart failure.

Speech problems: Some types of muscular dystrophy can affect the muscles that control speech. This can lead to speech problems, such as slurred speech and difficulty speaking.

Vision problems: Some types of muscular dystrophy can affect the muscles that control eye movement. This can lead to vision problems, such as double vision, drooping eyelids, and difficulty focusing.

Muscular dystrophy is a progressive condition, which means that the symptoms will get worse over time. However, there are treatments that can help to slow the progression of the condition and improve the quality of life for people with muscular dystrophy.