Calf Muscle Disorder

There are several issues that can cause calf muscle disorders. Symptoms of calf muscle disorder include pain, weakness, bruising and stiffness in the calf muscle, behind the lower leg. Calf muscles might also tighten or cramp. Cramps occur most often after exercise or strenuous activity.

Types

• Types of calf muscle disorders include strains, electrolyte imbalances and vein problems, like varicose veins or deep vein thrombosis. Strains occur when you tear the muscle fibers; low potassium is a common electrolyte imbalance; varicose veins are enlarged, purple and easily visible under the skin; and deep vein thrombosis is a blood clot deep in a vein in the calf.

Considerations

• For calf muscle tears, there are three grades, with Grade 1 being the mildest and Grade 3 being most severe. Athletes are at particular risk for muscle strains and should be familiar with basic self-care, including elevating the injury and applying ice to the area.

Prevention/Solution

• Most causes of calf muscle disorder are easily treated. For example, varicose veins can be removed with laser surgery. Other causes, like deep vein thrombosis, may require more aggressive treatments, including surgery. To avoid exercise-related injuries, properly stretch before beginning your workout; drink plenty of fluids before, during and after; and avoid smoking or caffeine.